Transformer oil analysis – The list of oils to be tested is almost endless. Mineral oil is usually used as transformer oil. In addition to its good properties and as an insulating and cooling medium, mineral oil allows insights into the inner workings of the transformer if it is checked properly. The insulating oil transfers heat to the transformer housing by convection. Finally, a transformer filled with oil improves heat transfer and at the same time the oil optimally fills the spaces. Regular oil sampling and tests are also essential for the quality and service life of transformer oil.
The degradation or decomposition products dissolved in the oil are special because they provide important information about possible weak points inside the transformer. Thus, in addition to the classic oil quality related tests, Gas-in-Oil Analysis also plays an outstanding role in the investigation. Because in order to determine the aging process of an oil, it is helpful to take an oil sample. By means of laboratory analysis, the oil is broken down into its smallest components, similar to the analysis of human blood. The DIN EN 60422 standard describes the procedure for checking the quality of insulating oil in electrical equipment. Consequently, the correct procedure is important to ensure that the oil sample remains meaningful in transformer oil analysis.
Oil temperature and humidity
Moisture measurement in oil | ST-200 Sensor
The ST-200 moisture sensor is an advanced solution for precise online measurement of moisture in oil. It utilises the innovative WGM Support technology, which enables remarkable sensitivity to changes in the water content of the oil. This enables accurate real-time and continuous monitoring of oil quality, which is crucial for the reliable performance of critical equipment.
The sensor has a high sensitivity to water contamination in oil and can test dissolved water, free water and emulsified water. With an impressively wide test range of up to1015, it enables precise measurements under various conditions. The unique grounding technology ensures reliability and durability, while the advanced sensor structure allows for easy cleaning.
The ST-200 moisture sensor is certified to international standards and is suitable for use in commercial and industrial environments. It ensures the safety of critical equipment by providing reliable 24 / 7 / 365 oil quality measurement. Preventive maintenance can avoid high costs and time due to oil quality issues.The sensor also helps reduce oil change costs and lowers disposal costs for used oil, which is more environmentally friendly.
The ST-200 is widely used in various industries such as oil fields, oil refineries, power plants, power transmission, construction and engineering machinery, aviation, railway and road transport, steel and metallurgy, oil tanks and oil stations, and industrial production. It is suitable for various types of oil, including lubricants, hydraulic oil, gear oil, engine oil, fuel oil, insulating oil, turbine oil and light and heavy oils.
The ST-200 can interact seamlessly with the ST-200D indicator meter to enable precise monitoring of the moisture content and temperature data display. Warning points can be flexibly set and the integrated AC / DC module ensures a reliable 24V DC power supply for the ST-200. Overall, this provides a comprehensive technical solution for the precise monitoring and maintenance of oil quality in various industrial applications.
We would be happy to advise you on the following topics: Moisture measurement in oil | oil quality sensor | oil moisture and water activity.
Water in Oil sensor | ST-100 Transmitter
The Water-in-Oil ST-100 sensor is a temperature and humidity transmitter with a fast, reliable and accurate online transmitter for water activity in oil and temperature. The ST-100 is ideal for monitoring the humidity in oil or for online moisture measurement. The ST-100 is suitable for measuring humidity in lubricating, hydraulic or insulating oils, which is important for long-term performance and preventive maintenance of machinery and equipment. Oil moisture and water activity are automatically determined by the ST-100 Water-in-Oil Sensor.
The oil transmitter measures the water activity (also aw-value) and temperature (T). Both values can be read on the display. The humidity in oil can be given as absolute humidity in ppm or relative as water activity aw value. Our sensor measure the absolute water activity (aw) in oil and temperature (T) of the user oil continuously, reliably and accurately at all times. By integrating the measurement into the oil circuit, the measurement is carried out in real time and the reaction can also take place immediately. The risk of not detecting an increase in water activity (aw) between random measurements is eliminated.
The use of our sensors not only ensures that the quality but also guarantees safety extends the service life of the oil and minimizes downtime. The Water-in-Oil Sensor ST-100 is a robust online transmitter, which informs you reliably about a transformer failure. This is an accurate and cost-effective solution for online measurements of humidity in oil. Today’s oil sensors measure many parameters. With its robust housing and excellent performance, it is perfectly suited for integration into OEM applications.
We offer you advice on the topics of: Temperature and Humidity | Moisture Content Oil | Water Activity
Gas-in-Oil Analysis | Dissolved Gas Analysis – DGA
Gas in Oil Analysis | TOGA-100-GC | Dissolved gas analysis (DGA)
Gas-in-Oil Analysis | TOGA-100-GC – Gas-in-Oil Analysis (DGA – dissolved gases) has been successfully used for several years for the diagnosis and monitoring of oil transformers and tap-changers. DGA is considered one of the most powerful methods for assessing the condition of the transformer’s insulation system. Due to the natural ageing of the oil and the insulating materials, cracked gases are formed which are dissolved in the transformer oil. Especially under the influence of thermal or electrical faults. With the DGA analysis slowly developing faults can be detected. The temporal development of the gas concentrations allows a trend analysis.
By comparing the DGA results a characteristic fault gas pattern is determined. For the mobile DGA at the transformer on site, the TOGA 100-GC system delivers reliable and accurate measurements in a very short time. The gaseous decomposition products provide information about the type of fault in the transformer. The TOGA 100-GC system separates all eleven components of the gas to oil analysis in one injection. The TOGA 100-GC follows the ASTM 3612C method for gas analysis with headspace injection. For the laboratory gas chromatograph of the M-Labor series, there is also the option to connect an automatic sampler. The TOGA 100 Portable allows samples to be analyzed directly on site. A small helium tank is sufficient to operate the GC in the field. The column oven in each TOGA 100 GC guarantees a high sample throughput by fast heating and cooling.
The fully integrated TOGA GC systems are small, lightweight and, like all systems, modular. They can be easily upgraded and are easy to maintain. Sample information: This ASTM D3612 C method is used to analyze the eleven most common components.
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Gas-in-Oil Analysis | Dissolved Gas Analysis DGA | Transformer oil analysis–
Tan Delta Measuring Bridge | Dielectric Dissipation Factor
Tan Delta Meter | TDM 1515 | Tan Delta Measurement
Tan Delta Meter | Tan Delta Measurement: The Tan Delta Measuring Bridge TDM1515 automatically measures the dielectric loss factor and resistivity of transformer oil, insulating fluids and other insulating materials. The measured value gives an indication of the amount of loss in the insulating fluid during operation. The TDM1515 is a precision instrument for tangent delta measurement of transformer oil. The resistance, the dissipation factor and the capacity of the insulating oil are measured.
The specific resistance is automatically calculated from the measured values. As a stand-alone solution the TDM1515 is a closed unit with integrated oil test cell. The features of the dielectric loss factor measuring bridge are High frequency induction heating with controller, temperature sensor, measuring bridge, AC test voltage source, standard capacitor, DC test DC voltage source and digital IC circuits. The Tan Delta Bridge Model TDM1515 is a precision measuring device. The resistance, dissipation factor and capacitance of the insulating oil are measured. The specific resistance is automatically calculated from the measured values. A great advantage is the high-frequency induction heating, which is an essential part of this instrument. The non-contact heater heats the oil test cell homogeneously at high speed and with a comfortable control. The oil test cell is emptied via a built-in drain, i.e. without dismantling the oil test cell.
In AC test mode, a conversion mode AC-DC-AC is applied, thus avoiding the problem of voltage and frequency fluctuations. Even if the voltage generator is working, the unit is still working properly. Inside is a standard SF6 three-pole capacitor, whose dielectric loss and capacitance is not affected by temperature and humidity. This ensures the accuracy of the instrument and long-term use.
We offer you advice on the following topics: Tan Delta Meter | Dielectric Dissipation Factor | Transformer Oil
Oil Testing Equipment | Breakdown Voltage
Breakdown Analyzer | ÖLPG | Oil Tester
The ÖLPG Oil Tester is a portable “Breakdown Analyzer” for on-site testing of oils. With the ÖLPG Oil Tester, the breakdown voltage or dielectric strength of insulating oil is tested fully automatically and thus quickly and cost-effectively. A fundamental test of the oil quality of transformer oil is the breakdown voltage test. The following applies: The lower the resulting voltage, the worse the quality of the oil! The ultra-light transformer oil testers are impressive in their performance data and ideal for on-site oil testing. With the ÖLPG, plant operators are able to assess the quality of the insulating oil directly on site. If necessary, the appropriate measures would have to be initiated. The oil sample no longer needs to be sent to a test laboratory for analysis.
The procedure and a short shutdown time of less than five µs enable highly efficient testing. The high-contrast display of the testing device facilitates handling and navigation. With the Breakdown Analyzer synthetic oils, ester and silicone oils can be tested non-destructively. The breakdown voltage of insulating oils can be determined in a very simple way by taking the oil sample from the transformer or current transformer and subjecting it to the fully automatic oil test. The test result allows the operator of the equipment to assess the quality of the insulating oil and to decide whether the oil should be retained or replaced.
The automatically generated test reports can already be downloaded in PDF format to a USB stick! Due to the extremely fast voltage cut-off on breakdown, synthetic oils, ester and silicone oils can also be tested non-destructively! The pre-defined, fully automatic test sequences meet all current international norms and standards. The oil testing devices thus guarantee that the legal requirements for the prescribed oil tests are met.
We offer you advice on the topics of: Dielectric breakdown voltage | dielectric strength | oil tester
Karl Fischer TAN / TBN Analysis
Karl Fischer Water Content Determination | KF-750
Karl Fischer Titration KF-750 | Determination of the water content: Karl Fischer Titration has its place in every laboratory. Karl Fischer Titration KF-750 The KF-750 is a coulometric titrator. The water content and the water content determination according to Karl Fischer Titration impresses with its very good accuracy. With this KF titrator, nothing can actually go wrong when determining the water content according to Karl Fischer. The display, which is large and easy to read, shows every step in the process in a dialog. The pre-parameterized methods thus additionally facilitate the work. In addition, the versatility of the two KF titrators makes the instruments efficient and easy to operate. The KF measuring station is suitable for almost all areas such as the pharmaceutical, chemical, food or petroleum industries.
The coulometric KF titrator is the ideal instrument for determining even the lowest water content in samples. In the coulometry of a titration solution, the determination of the concentration titer is not necessary, making it easier to operate than in volumetric titration. Many experienced analysts still feel the smell of pyridine in their nose with horror when they hear the name Karl Fischer. However, modern reagents and easy-to-operate analytical instruments cleaned up thoroughly with such ideas. Today, coulometric and volumetric Karl Fischer titrators allow practically all applications to be performed simply, quickly and accurately. Because of its selectivity and accuracy, Karl Fischer titration has become the most important method for water and moisture determination. With the KF-750, titration can also be followed “live” in the form of a measurement curve. At the touch of a button, it is possible to switch between classic and graphical display.
We offer you advice on the topics of: Determination of water content | Karl Fischer Titration | Karl Fischer Method
Karl Fischer Water Content | KF-700 | Determination of water content
Karl Fischer Titration KF-700 | Determination of water content – The Karl Fischer Titration method for analytical water determination is considered the most important method for determining water content. Volumetric titration is the “classical” Karl Fischer titration.
The fundamental difference between volumetric and coulometric titration is the method used. One advantage of the volumetric method over the coulometric method is the lower effort required. The Karl Fischer volumetric titrator is more flexible when using solvents. The measuring range goes from 0.01 percent to 100 percent. For water content and water determination, the Karl Fischer method is used in the laboratory.. For all its advantages, manual titration is still established as the standard application in the laboratory. A piston burette with exchangeable dosing attachment is the first choice when perfection and flexibility are required. With regard to the aging process of transformer oil, the Karl Fischer Titration KF-700 is used. A special form of dosing is the “Preparing solutions” mode.
In this mode, a solvent is dosed up to the desired target concentration. A sample is weighed in, the volume added is calculated using a calculation formula and then added. This mode is suitable, for example, for the preparation of standards and solutions for viscometry. Important features: Automatic calculation of the addition volume without additional PC software. Dosing and filling speed can be optimally adapted to the dosing solution. Several methods with different parameters can be stored. Automatic transfer of the weight of a connected balance.
Usually, 10-15 user methods are sufficient for most needs.
We offer you advice on the topics of: Determination of water content | Karl Fischer Titration | Karl Fischer Method
Karl Fischer Water Determination | KF-7751 | Water Content
Karl Fischer Titration KF-7751 | Determination of Water Content – The Karl Fischer Titrator KF-7751 is a generalist when it comes to potentiometric and volumetric titration. As an universal titrator, the KF-7751 offers more application possibilities than the KF-700. In practice, there are differences between coulometric and potentiometric or volumetric titration. After switching on the instrument, the Karl Fischer Titrator starts working immediately, with the default settings starting in the background. The KF titrator has several interfaces for data communication. It is possible to operate an analytical balance via the interface to the KF titrator. To connect a printer, use the USB ports of the device. Karl Fischer titration has also become established for transformer oils for determining the water content in the oil or the water content. The Karl Fischer Titrator can be cleaned with a soft cloth and water using normal household detergent.
General properties: Brilliant TFT display, which can be read even from the side. Exchangeable caps with storage of all relevant cap and reagent data in the cap. Unlimited communication via up to two USB-A, one USB-B, one LAN and two RS232 interfaces. Storage of results as PDF and CSV on USB stick or network.
Preinstalled standard methods. Special features of the KF-7751: Wireless electrode recognition for ID electrodes for highest security during measurement and calibration. High-resolution inputs for pH/mV electrodes and temperature measurements for pH, ISE, redox titrations. Ideal for non-aqueous titrations such as acid and base number in oils. Measuring input for polarizable electrodes. Linear and dynamic titration to inflection points (equivalence points) and titrations to end point. pH Stat titrations. Volumetric KF titration.
We offer you advice on the following topics: Determination of water content | Karl Fischer Titration | Karl Fischer method
Corrosive Sulphur | Corrosive Sulphur Kit
Corrosive Sulphur | CS100 | Corrosive Sulphur Kit
The CS100 Corrosive Sulphur Kit is a real alternative to expensive laboratory tests for the determination of corrosive copper sulphide deposits. Such deposits repeatedly lead to a number of errors and thus to transformer failures. In most cases, copper sulfide deposits cannot be detected during normal inspections. The copper wire would have to be unwound and the paper de-oiled to see the shiny deposits. The copper wire is usually dark or multicolored and the discoloration can significantly vary over the entire length of a conductor. Until now, the only way to detect corrosive sulfur in the oil was by expensive laboratory tests.
Sulfur can occur in transformer oil in various forms and compounds. Copper sulfides can appear in very different looks.
This makes it extremely credible that countless malfunctions in transformers and reactors are due to undetected copper sulfides. The portable CS100 Corrosive Sulphur Kit enables a fast and cost-effective test. Copper Corrosion Tests – Comparison Tables (Procedure based on ASTM D1275 Method B
IEC 62535 – usually the so-called CCD test. – Test method: accelerated oxidation at high temperature on copper conductors wound in kraft paper, visual assessment (former Cigre A2.32.TF01 method) Purpose: to determine the presence of corrosive sulphur compounds that could contaminate the cellulose of conductors with copper sulphide.
ASTM D1275, Procedure B – Test Method: Accelerated High Temperature Oxidation on Electrolytic Copper Strip, Visual Assessment 48 hours at 150°C (Procedure A: 19 hours at 140°C) Purpose: To determine the presence of corrosive sulfur compounds that could contaminate copper surfaces.
We offer you advice on the following topics: Corrosive sulphur | Corrosive sulphur | Transformer oil
Force Tensiometer | Surface and Interfacial Tension
Force Tensiometer | Interfacial Tension
Force Tensiometer measures the moistening of an immersed ring or plate body with respect to the related tensile force. The measurement of surface and interfacial tension is carried out with the Du-Noüy ring or the Wilhelmy method. The software-supported Force Tensiometer Sigma 200 automatically starts the surface and interfacial tension after pressing a button. As a standalone device the tensiometer is equipped with a motorized table for the sample vessel. The Du-Noüy ring moves into the medium to be measured. Then the motor moves the sample table slowly downwards. The forces acting on the ring or plate lamella can be read on the display. Analysis of the interfacial tension of oil versus water using the ring method. The analysis of the interfacial tension between insulating oil and water provides an early warning of the oil aging process. Refer to ASTM D971-99 2012.
Glass Syringes | Glass Syringe 100 ml
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Particle Content in Oil | Particle Counter
Mobile Particle Counter | PZMG 100
The PZMG100 is a mobile particle counter which can be used to quickly and easily check oil cleanliness and oil condition in hydraulic and lubrication systems during a service call. Samples can be taken directly via a pressure line or via the integrated pump. A measurement can be performed manually or automatically at a predefined time interval. Portable particle counters are preferably used for the on-site analysis of operating oils in hydraulic systems. Precise measurement of particle shapes and particle sizes in different versions. The mobile particle counter cleans the oil and measures its quality. High-quality particle counters from WGM Support for particle measurement during maintenance with the possibility of flow visualization.
We offer you advice on the following topics: Mobile particle counter | Operating oils | Hydraulic oil
PPC Lab Particle Counter – Portable Particle Counter with Lab Quality
This PPC Lab particle counter is suitable for both mobile and stationary use. The measurement results are output in the common purity classes ISO 4406; NAS 1638; SAE AS 4059; GJB 420; GOST 17216. Thanks to the 32-bit high-performance control unit, flexible measurements and simultaneous data storage of different measuring points are possible. The integrated printer outputs the measurement results on paper directly on site. The dialog-oriented setting menu of the PPC Lab allows the display in different languages (German, English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Russian, Dutch, Chinese and Finnish). PPC Lab’s modern, technically advanced components, including the volumetric sensor measuring cell, provide high resolution and measuring accuracy. All particles are detected, counted and measured by the sensor. Up to 32 freely selectable size channels display the particle number and particle size distribution.